Ynni Consulting provides transient insulation coordination analysis by numerical simulations, taking into account the entire network model and considering its operating modes. The studies consist to explore the overvoltage which may occur at equipment terminals considering the high frequency model of each network component and if needed, we can advise design modifications or recommend some actions to resolve the issue, including assess the adequacy of the designated surge arresters to maintain overvoltage level below the equipment maximum protection level.
Depending on the nature of the project (GIS, AIS, Transmission lines, Cables…etc.) and the frequency and time domain performance, the studies to be conducted to demonstrate the compliance of the system with international standards and client requirements are:
Slow Front Overvoltage – SFO
Line Switching (close/open)
Fault and fault clearance
Transformer Switching
Reactors/Capacitors Switching

Temporary Overvoltage – TOV
Earth faults
Load rejections
Resonance and Ferro-resonance
Ferranti effect

Fast Front Overvoltage – FFO
Direct Lightning Strokes
Indirect Lightning Strokes

Very Fast Transient Overvoltage – VFTO
GIS Disconnector switching
GIS Circuit Breaker switching

TOOLS
Different tools can be used according to the subject to be studied and customer requirements.
PSCAD
ETAP
ATP – EMTP
DigSilent Power Factory